The leopard, which, in scientific terminology, is known as Panthera pardus, is one of the five extant species in the genus Panthera which is a member of the family Felidae. It occurs in a wide range in sub-Saharan Africa, in small parts of Central, Western and Eastern Asia and on the Indian subcontinent to Southeast. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List because leopard populations are declining in large parts of the global range and are threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. In Hong Kong, Syria, Singapore, Kuwait, Tunisia and Libya and most likely in Morocco, leopard populations have already been extirpated. Present records reckon that the leopard occurs in only 25% of its primitive global range. Leopards are illegally hunted and their body parts are smuggled in the wildlife trade for the purpose of medicinal practices and decoration. It is similar in appearance to the jaguar, but has a lighter and smaller physique with smaller rosettes that are more densely packed and without central spots. The leopard is distinguished by its opportunistic hunting behaviour, well-camouflaged fur, strength, broad diet, and its ability to adapt to a variety of habitats ranging from rainforest to steppe, including montane and arid areas. Leopards are capable of running at speeds of up to 58 kilometres per hour.
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