Buddhism is the fourth widely-accepted religion in the world with over 520 million followers which constitute over 7% of the global population and are known as Buddhists. Buddhism involves a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices which are based on original teachings attributed to the Buddha and resulting interpreted philosophies. It originated in ancient India as a Sramana tradition sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE and spread through much of Asia. Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada which translates in Pali as "The School of the Elders" and Mahayana which translates in Sanskrit as "The Great Vehicle”.
Most Buddhist traditions share the goal of overcoming mortal and spiritual suffering and the cycle of death and reincarnation, either by the attainment of Nirvana or through the path of Buddhahood. Buddhist schools vary in their interpretation and illustrations of the path to liberation, the relative importance and canonicity assigned to the various Buddhist texts along with their specific teachings and practices. Buddhists' practices include taking refuge in the Buddha, the Dharma and the Sangha, observance of moral precepts, monasticism, meditation, and the cultivation of the Paramitas, or in simpler terms, perfections or virtues.
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